Categories
The Data-Driven Investor

TDDI #005: Dead Investors are doing better than you!

What makes you a good investor?

Is it because you make great decisions?

You have the most knowledge?

A killer strategy?

What if I told you that, even if you had all three of these, you may not be doing as well as investors who are…

Dead.

Dead investors can’t make any decisions.

They know nothing.

Strategy? Unlikely, six feet under. 

Let me explain. 

According to a mythical study by Fidelity widely referenced in the investing world, but never confirmed, the broker’s best performing client accounts belonged to people who had either died, or had forgotten they had an account.

So, what can we learn from the dead?

Trading is hazardous to your wealth

For those of us with a heartbeat, we tend to be less than perfect in our investing.

We:

  • Are impatient
  • Make emotional decisions
  • Let ego dictate our moves

This means we trade more. 

100% more than the dead. 

With each trade, we lose money to trading fees.

We pay taxes on gains.

We realize losses.

Increased trading activity often contributes to poor investment performance.

Become an expert at feigning lifelessness

If the dead are good at one thing, it’s being patient.

You could say they are the ultimate passive investors.

When Warren Buffett says his ideal holding period is forever, then the dead are *cough* living that ideal. 

When you buy into an entire market, or sector of the market through ETFs — and then do nothing — you’re emulating a dead investor.

You sit back and get rich slowly.

This mythical Fidelity study proves — on a long enough timeline, at least — this strategy is highly effective.

Inaction can be a super power

Society has always praised people for taking action.

It’s also one of the things I pride myself on.

But when it comes to investing, inaction is often more powerful.

Not making emotional decisions.

Not FOMOing in and out of positions because of the news.

These things sound simple to avoid.

But they’re easy to fall for.

Don’t get me wrong, complete inaction, is not good.

Afterall, you have to take action at some point to invest in anything.

But, making calm and calculated decisions is usually best.

We can learn a lot from Fidelity’s mythical dead (or just inactive) investors.

Reducing trading activity saves on fees, taxes and realized losses.

Time in the market, as the saying goes, generates more value than timing the market.

Knowledge pays the best interest,

Navarre

The Data-Driven Investor

Categories
The Data-Driven Investor

TDDI #004: Rome Wasn’t Destroyed In A Day

My name is Maximus Decimus Meridius, commander of the Armies of the North, General of the Felix Legions and loyal servant to the true emperor, Marcus Aurelius

Citizen of a failing currency, Victim of a collapsing economy’.

That’s not how the protagonist in Ridley Scott’s 2001 blockbuster Gladiator announces himself to his arch-enemy. 

But, it could have been.

Allow me to give you a quick lesson in ancient history.

This puts the present-day ‘war on inflation’ that’s dominating the markets and financial newscycle into perspective. 

Then, I’ll show you how misquoting Russel Crowe connects with my personal investment philosophy. 

Inflation: We’ve Been Here Before

When it first entered circulation, the Roman Denarius coin contained about 4.5 grams of pure silver.

This enabled the vast empire’s citizens and organizations to do business, receive payment for goods and services, and store wealth for the future.

The coins had value because the silver in them was scarce.

So scarce, in fact, that as the years went by, Rome started to run out of silver with which to make its coins.

So they started minting more coins with less silver in them.

Over a century, the Denarius went from containing 75% pure silver to just 5%.

The government printed more and more of them with the same face value, but less and less of the precious metal that gave them value in the first place.

This created the illusion of more money in the system. But the reality was that Rome’s debasement of its currency transferred wealth away from citizens and resulted in them having to use more and more coins.

The other word for this is inflation.

Rome effectively robbed its citizens of their power to exchange and store wealth.

This drove hyperinflation, produced soaring tax rates, and created worthless money, plunging the empire towards its demise. 

The Dollar’s Diminishing Power

If ancient Rome was a lesson, it appears as though civilization hasn’t taken it on board. 

In the first decade of the 20th Century, the total amount of money in circulation in the U.S. was about $7 billion.

One dollar could buy you a pair of brand new patent leather shoes.

By the 1950s, there was $151 billion circulating.

A dollar couldn’t buy you a pair of patent leather shoes. It could buy a Mr. Potato Head toy.

Fast-forward to the 1980s and there were nearly $1.6 trillion dollars in the financial system.

The dollar could now get you just a single bottle of Heinz ketchup.

In the first decade of the new millennium, the money supply ballooned up to nearly $5 trillion.

Now, the dollar could only buy a Wendy’s hamburger.

By 2017, the money supply had grown to more than $13 trillion — almost five times what it was at the turn of the millennium.

And that single dollar that could buy you a brand new pair of patent leather shoes more than a century ago?

It now buys only a single song on iTunes.

See the pattern? More money does not equal more wealth. 

Why We Invest

I talk to friends and family about wealth as often as I can. 

(And yes, I watch Gladiator on a regular basis. Are you not entertained?!)

I believe open and frank conversations are key to building financial literacy. 

And I believe financial literacy is crucial for creating financial freedom. 

Historical facts like those above are central to why I invest — rather than simply leave my money in the bank. 

Yes, you could argue there’s more risk associated with owning things other than cash.

But, when you consider inflation’s long history of insidious wealth destruction, I’d argue it’s wise to understand the difference between money and actual wealth. 

Knowledge pays the best interest,

Navarre

The Data-Driven Investor

Categories
The Data-Driven Investor

TDDI #003: Is The Market Efficient, Or Random?

There are people who believe the earth is flat. 

There are others who believe we’re living in a computer simulation. 

Or that a hidden race of Lizard People are running society from the shadows. 

There’s a whole lot of different ways to make sense of the world we live in. 

The same goes for the financial markets. 

There are those who believe in the so-called ‘50% Principle’ — that any uptrend must correct by 50% before resuming its rise.

Others prefer ‘Odd Lot Theory’. 

This is the idea that when smaller investors sell out of something, it’s because they’re wrong, and it’s therefore a good time to buy.

I know of one allegedly very wealthy investor who believes every financial market on the planet — property, stocks, commodities, you name it — moves in a repeating cycle, in which prices rise for a certain number of years, then fall for a certain number of years.

In today’s newsletter, though, I want to introduce and compare two of the less far out — and more influential — theories about the market. 

100% Efficient? 100% Of The Time? 

Efficient Market Hypothesis (EMH) claims that the price of any investment reflects everything the market knows about it at any given time. 

In other words, the market ‘prices in’ all available information about an asset.

Because of this, it’s impossible to ‘beat the market’, as the market already knows everything you could know.

The market is, in this theory, all seeing and all knowing. 

EMH is more than a century old and is most often attached to American economist Eugene Fama.

It’s crucial to understand that in Fama’s EMH, he’s talking about whether one can beat the market without taking on any extra risk

Anyone who beats the market’s returns can only do so by taking on additional risk.

Many investors, of course, aren’t keen to do this — which is possibly why there’s been such an appetite for passive ETF investing in the past few years.

EMH believers believe in keeping investment costs low and not bothering trying to outperform the perfectly priced market. 

Opponents, on the other hand, believe you can. Even without taking on additional risk.

Why?

Because the market is NOT perfectly efficient. Prices do deviate from their fair, or intrinsic, values. 

Enter the next theory of how the markets work. 

The Market Is A Drunk Man. 

In 1828, Scottish botanist Robert Brown dropped grains of pollen in water.

He observed that, suspended in the water, the pollen moved in a rapid, and random, oscillatory motion. 

About 70 years later, French mathematician Jules Regnault found that the longer you held a stock, the more it deviated from the price you paid for it. 

These two experiments form the bases of Random Walk Theory. 

This theory posits that asset prices change at random. Past prices are of little use in predicting future ones. 

And, to make our lives even tougher as investors, the market being the efficient (in theory) animal that it is, prices in all available information to these ‘random walks’. 

Economist Burton Malkiel popularized this theory in 1973 with his book A Random Walk Down Wall Street.

He called stock price movements the ‘steps of a drunk man’.

Random, unpredictable, unreliable. 

Random Walk Theory is another view of the market that leads followers to believe that it is impossible to predict or outperform the market. 

At least, not without taking on any extra risk. 

What Do I Think?

I personally believe the market is not 100% efficient. 

I believe it is quite efficient, but there is always room for improvement.

As a value investor, I believe at any given time there are stocks that are over and under their ‘true’ value. 

As the legend Warren Buffett says, ‘in the short run, the market is a voting machine but in the long run it is a weighing machine’.

And as John Maynard Keynes said — the market doesn’t reward investors for being smarter than it…

It rewards them for taking risk. 

More on that in a future edition. 

Knowledge pays the best interest,

Navarre

The Data-Driven Investor

Categories
The Data-Driven Investor

TDDI #002: Investing Stops Being Scary When You Have This

Are you freaking out about your investments right now?

Compulsively checking your phone…

Pacing the room…

Doom-scrolling endless headlines about bank collapses and inflation rates…

Even — God forbid — considering selling all your investments and waiting for things to calm down?

If that’s you, chances are you don’t have something that separates the great investors from the vast swathes of the mediocre (and worse). 

This thing is free and widely available. 

And yet, too few of us understand its importance and value. 

While the panicked and fearful don’t choose it, use it and benefit from it…

The calm and confident are reaping its rewards right now. 

I’m talking about strategy

Investment strategy helps you eliminate emotional decisions and gives you freedom from stress.

Well, relative freedom, shall we say — compared with those who buy and sell based on emotion, for example. 

Here are three problems you’ll solve by employing a clear investment strategy.

1. Emotional decisions = emotional reactions

Back when I started investing, I had no idea what I was doing.

I remember buying into investments, only to sell out of them within a couple of weeks.

(And paying trading fees both ways…)

I’d get ‘tips’ from colleagues at work, or ‘ideas’ from online forums.

Ultimately, I couldn’t hold on to anything long term. Because I would freak out and sell. Because I didn’t know why I’d bought in the first place, basically. Because I had no strategy guiding my decision making. 

But once I had a strategy, this completely changed.

Because now it wasn’t up to my emotions whether I should sell a stock or not. 

It was up to the strategy I had selected — and the criteria for decision-making that commits me to.

Did it meet the criteria for selling? Then I sell.

Otherwise, I’m holding on for the ride.

With my strategy, I don’t worry about such decisions.

I chose my strategy so it can guide my shorter-term decisions.

Choosing a strategy is another subject which I’ll dive into in a later newsletter.

2. Bad Moves, Made For Bad Reasons

The next thing that a strategy helps with is helping you choose the right investments.

It doesn’t matter when you buy or sell if the company you bought into is no good.

Think about these two questions.

Buy the stock because a friend told you it was a good idea?

Or…

Buy because you have a set process that you filter any investment through?

Which do you think will lead to the better outcome?

Having a strategy that helps determine what you buy is crucial.

That way, you can constantly improve your strategy, based on set criteria, rather than making it up as you go along.

3. To Be Underprepared Is To Risk Underperformance

Ultimately we all want good performance from our investments.

We want our money working hard for us while we sleep.

As with anything in life, not having a plan, is planning to fail.

Having a strategy helps keep you on the right path.

Even if that path turns out to be the wrong one, having a consistent strategy helps you figure that out fast.

Which means you can then pivot to one that works better for you.

This means you can achieve optimal performance as quickly as possible.

If you have no strategy, you may never figure this out.

To sum up…

Strategy & Success Go Hand In Hand

Choosing and committing to a clear investment strategy will:

  • Reduce/remove stress
  • Help eliminate emotional decision making
  • Help you choose better investments
  • Help improve your investment performance

Find a strategy that works for you.

There’s quite a few out there. You’ll know the one for you when you find it (and especially when you start seeing the results).

From there, you can rest easier about your investments, knowing you’re investing according to a plan.

Knowledge pays the best interest,

Navarre

The Data-Driven Investor

Categories
The Data-Driven Investor

TDDI #001: How I Doubled My Money On A Stock That Went Nowhere

One of the first stocks I ever bought was a total disaster. Or so I thought.

After holding it for five years, the value had risen 0%.

I would have been better off loaning the money to a friend and asking them to pay me $1 in interest.

So I logged into my broker account to sell my shares.

Before I hit ‘sell’, I figured I’d work out how much money the shares had generated in dividend income.

To my utter amazement, the dividends had nearly paid me back my whole investment.

This changed my perception of the investment completely. 

What I thought had made me nothing has, in reality, returned 100% — just not in the capital gains I was looking for. 

This is the power of knowing all the factors of investment performance.

Unfortunately, most investors don’t have an easy way  to calculate things such as dividend performance.

This means they end up making poor decisions based on incorrect data.

And as a data-driven investor, this pains me.

Here are the four things you absolutely must understand about any investment.

1. Capital Gains

Obvious, right?

Most investors buy into an investment, hoping that the price will go up, resulting in a capital gain. 

This is one of the main metrics to track for any investment.

Like I said, obvious. But important.

2. Dividend Income

As you saw in my story about the stock I nearly (stupidly) sold, dividends can have a huge impact.

If I hadn’t calculated the investment income and factored it into my performance, I could’ve sold this holding and ended up missing out on future profits.

Not only that, dividend income — in Australia at least — carries tax implications. These are difficult to manage if you’re not property tracking your investment income. 

3. Currency gain & loss

This one is crucial when investing in foreign stocks.

Currency exchange rate fluctuations can massively impact investments.

See the USD/AUD currency chart for the last 5 years.

Say you bought a $10,000 dollar investment in a US stock from Australia, in March 2020.

In December 2020, the exchange rate completely turned around in dramatic fashion.

Assuming the share price of the stock hadn’t changed at all.

You would have made a 32% loss, on the currency movement alone.

Sometimes this shift is against you and other times it can make you a lot of money.

But if you don’t measure it, you’re not going to know, either way.

4. Time

What do you mean time?

Well let me ask you, would you rather make a 100% gain in one year…

Or a 100% gain over five years?

Basically anyone I know would choose the first option. So would you, right?

Look at this scenario.

You buy ‘Stock A’ for $1 and in the first year it goes up to $2.

Happy with the 100% gain, you keep a hold of this stock for another year.

But in that year, the price stays at $2.

So now instead of a 100% return, you now have an annualized return of 50%.

You can see if this plays out across a few more years staying at $2, it quickly eats away at your performance.

Which is why it is crucial to factor in time when you analyze your investment performance . This is what we mean when we talk about ‘annualization’. 

These Are The Four Pillars of Investment Performance

Capital gains. Income. Currency gains. Time. 

These are what I call the four pillars of investment performance. 

Any investor who’s serious about building wealth long term should, in my humble opinion, understand and track these factors. 

Remember how I nearly sold a stock that had doubled my money?

These are the sorts of poor decisions investors might make if they don’t have all the information.

It’s very rare for anyone to fluke their way to success or wealth. 

For most people, a plan, a strategy and a certain amount of discipline is a much better path than trying to get rich quickly with a financial fluke. 

This is why I’m a data-driven investor. 

Because if you can’t measure it, you can’t improve it.

The data doesn’t lie, 

Navarre
The Data-Driven Investor

Categories
Financial Literacy Financial Technology Investing

Why Your Brokerage Account Might Not Reflect Your True Portfolio Performance

Your trading account is designed to help you buy and sell investments. While it shows you a bunch of metrics related to your portfolio, it might not reflect your actual returns or performance. This post explains the difference and shows you why tracking is arguably as important as trading itself.

As a dedicated portfolio performance tracking platform serving thousands of people, the team here at Navexa communicate with our community frequently.

One of the most common questions we receive from those just beginning their portfolio tracking journey with us, is this:

Why are the investment returns in my Navexa account different from those in my trading account?’

Many of our new members are accustomed to viewing their portfolio performance through a very different lens from the one Navexa provides.

That’s because the numbers you see when you log in to your trading account aren’t so much to do with portfolio performance as they are with nominal ‘gains’ or changes in value.

In a portfolio tracker, you’re seeing your rate of return, or growth rate, over time.

In this post, we’re going to explain the difference.

We’ll explain why, in our (biased) opinion, you won’t get a clear and complete picture of your long-term investment returns from checking your trading account alone.

We’ll explain how the figures you see differ both in their calculation and the information they reflect.

We’ll touch on the extent to which brokerage fees and commissions impact your portfolio performance — and why your trading account may not reflect that impact.

We’ll explain how an investment’s true performance differs from its gains, and share with you exactly how our portfolio tracking platform calculates that performance.

And, we’ll show you how to access our purpose-built portfolio performance tracking platform free today so you can see for yourself the difference from the numbers in your trading account.

Let’s start with the key differences between trading account numbers and those in a portfolio tracker.

Trading Accounts Are For Trading — Not Portfolio Performance Tracking

In our CommSec Review, you’ll learn my honest opinion about using Australia’s most popular trading platform.

 As a trading platform, it’s great. But, as I argue in the review:

‘Having been in the market since 2013, and done my fair share of buying and selling, all I can see are two performance metrics: Today’s Change, and Total Profit/Loss.

‘To be blunt, that’s not enough for me.

‘Why?

‘Because portfolio performance is a lot more complex than just my total profit or today’s change. 

I need to see lots more.’ 

I can see today’s change in both dollar and percentage terms, my total profit/loss, my portfolio’s current market value, and the total cost (which, as you’ll see, isn’t actually my total cost).

Below this portfolio level information, there’s a holding-by-holding breakdown. This shows me the price I bought each investment at, the last price it traded for, the day’s percentage change and so forth.

Take a look:

CommSec-Review

That’s all the information available to about how my investments are progressing. Frankly, it’s not enough to satisfy my appetite for data on my journey to creating long-term wealth through investing.

Which is why I’m in favour of using a dedicated portfolio tracker.

As I said, given that we operate one such tracker, this is obviously a biased opinion. But take a look at this screen compared with the one from my trading account:

portfolio tracker

That’s the Portfolio Performance Report in Navexa. Rather than providing just a handful of metrics about profit/loss and price changes, this screen shows four key metrics:

Total Return: In both dollar and percentage terms, the Navexa portfolio tracker shows me my portfolio’s actual, annualized return net of trading fees, income and currency gains (or losses).

Capital Gain: This shows me how much of my total return is comprised of capital gains across my investments. Again, this is annualized to reflect how long I’ve been running this portfolio (otherwise, my ‘gain’ would be the same regardless of whether it had taken me one year, or twenty, to achieve).

Dividend Return: This shows me how much of my annualized return over a given time period is down to my investments generating dividend income. In my CommSec account, for example, I can’t see my income factored into my portfolio performance.

Currency Gain: While not applicable in the example above, the reality of investing across multiple markets and currencies is that foreign exchange fluctuations impact a portfolio’s returns. A dedicated portfolio tracker, like Navexa, shows this.

You’ll also see, beneath the metrics I’ve just detailed, there’s another row showing the same numbers for IOZ, a leading ASX200 ETF.

This allows me to see at a glance how the portfolio is performing relative to the ASX200 across each of these factors. In the example, you’ll see that while the annualized return and capital gain is outperforming the benchmarked fund, it is lagging behind with respect to dividend income.

This is a valuable insight — and not one I can easily get by looking at my trading account.

In the holding list below, you can see the performance breakdown for each of the investments in the portfolio.

All the numbers you see reflect more than just the price movement of the investments. Here’s an example.

Fees & Commissions Impact Your Performance (But May Not Be Reflected In Your Brokerage Account)

My trading account doesn’t show me how fees are impacting my performance. That’s probably because I pay my broker to execute my trades for me. But consider this:        

Let’s say I make 50 trades a year for 10 years at a cost of $20 a trade.

That’s $10,000. At the end of the 10 years, say I have 50 investments in the portfolio. When it’s time to sell out and collect the cash I’ve (hopefully) earned as the portfolio’s total value has appreciated over that time… that’s another $1,000 for all the sell trades on the 50 holdings at the end of the period.

The impact of fees? $11,000.

If the portfolio had started with $50,000, and we assume a 100% total return over the 10 years (that’s a 7.18% annualized return), the investor has, on paper, doubled their money.

Hooray! Right? Not quite. 

You can see how this plays out in terms of actual portfolio performance.

For our purposes in this post, I hope you can see that trading fees play a major part in determining your true performance. Which is why you need to be able to easily see your returns net of that impact — as opposed to hidden away, as they are in many trading accounts.

Fees Aren’t The Only Factor: A Dedicated Portfolio Tracker Helps You Measure Everything Impacting Your Performance

While my CommSec account is, in my opinion, brilliant for conducting market and investment research (their tools and resources are second to none across Australian trading platforms), it’s severely limited in showing portfolio performance details.

When you really dive into the world of long-term wealth building, there are four factors that deeply affect your real returns.

Remember, I’m not talking about gains here. I’m talking about our net performance after every factor impacting a portfolio has been accounted for.

Here are the four factors:

Time: While it might be tempting to look at your overall returns going all the way back to the first day of a portfolio’s life, this can result in us misinterpreting our performance. My favourite illustration of this? Would you rather make a 500% return over one year, or 10? There’s a huge difference, and we all know it. Leaving time out of our portfolio performance calculations is straight up wilful blindness.

Trading Fees: As we lay out in detail, trading fees can and often do have a significant impact on portfolio performance. Looking at your tasty triple digit ‘gain’ in your trading account might feel nice, but when you add up the cost of all the buying and selling it’s taken to achieve that gain, the reality is probably not quite so glorious.

I have a friend who sold some crypto recently and, thanks to my incessant nagging about true performance, accepted that, while they’d made a healthy profit, they’d handed over a huge percentage in exchange and account fees.

Income: This one’s a counterbalance to time and trading fees. If I have a $100,000 portfolio that generates $10,000 in income every year, that’s a massive factor in my overall performance and returns. While my trading account only shows me my capital gains on an investment, my portfolio tracker shows me my total return including dividend income — and breaks down how much of my return constitutes income versus capital gains.

Taxation: Now this one’s a little different. But the reality is — especially for those of us investing with a view to financial independence or early retirement — we must pay a significant percentage of our profits to the government when we sell out of investments. This is important to consider when you’re assessing what you’ll gain from buying and selling stocks. It doesn’t impact your portfolio performance per se, but it does massively impact your financial outcome as you draw down or completely exit a portfolio.

(FYI: Navexa provides automated CGT and income tax obligation reports, plus an Unrealized Capital Gain report to help you assess and forecast your portfolio’s taxes.)

Currency gain is also important, but of course not all of us invest beyond our home markets. In Australia, in fact, the majority of investors doesn’t stray beyond the ASX, although this is gradually shifting as more services arrive to facilitate offshore investing through new platforms and apps.

Another point here is that Navexa’s portfolio performance calculation is money weighted. That means it accounts for inflows and outflows of cash in your portfolio. This is because the reality for many of us isn’t as simple as making an initial investment and leaving it alone. Rather, we buy and sell as we go.

A money weighted return is different from a time weighted return, which doesn’t account for cash inflows and outflows.

Navexa portfolio tracker

How Navexa Tracks Your Portfolio’s Performance With Automated Accuracy

When I set out to build Navexa, I just wanted a tool that would save me having to combine the data in my trading account with my own manual calculations in order to work out my true portfolio performance.

I — like many of the Navexa community — am a long-term, buy-and-hold investor to whom strong, annualized returns matter more than eye-grabbing one-off gains.

I’ve been learning about money and wealth creation for a long time. Everything I’ve learned has taught me it’s far better to work with hard data than skewed or incomplete information about a portfolio.

This is why the Navexa Portfolio Tracker, today, is one of the leading portfolio tracking platforms in Australia. We calculate annualized portfolio performance that accounts for all the factors I mention above.

Once you load your portfolio into Navexa, you start seeing true performance over the long term. You can see at a glance your capital gains, currency gains, investment income — all net of your trading fees.

You can run comprehensive tax reports with a couple of clicks. You can track & analyze more than 8,000 ASX & US-listed stocks and ETFs, plus cryptos, cash accounts and unlisted investments (like property).

And, you can go even deeper, running reports like Portfolio Contributions, which shows you in chart form which of your investments are boosting (and which are dragging down) your overall performance.

Like I said, I’m biased, since I started Navexa. But I wouldn’t have had to — and thousands of satisfied members wouldn’t be tracking with us — were it not for my trading account failing to provide a full and clear picture of my portfolio performance.

Trading accounts are for trading. Navexa is for portfolio tracking. If you’re doing the former, you should, IMHO be doing the latter, too.

Happy tracking — create an account here (zero obligation & no credit card required!).

Categories
Financial Technology Investing

How Trading Fees Impact Long-Term Portfolio Performance

Many investors are not aware that trading fees can impact their long term portfolio performance. When you consider that 50 trades a year at $20 a trade becomes $1,000 in fees, you can see how trading fees can become a substantial part of your investment costs.

This post discusses what trading and other brokerage fees are, some common strategies for minimizing their impact, how to calculate the true cost of buying stocks of ETFs, plus a couple of other key ideas around factoring trading fees into a long term investment strategy. 

It might be tempting to ignore trading fees and focus only on your nominal gains — the current price of an investment relative to the price you bought it for. But doing so leaves out a key part of the picture.

Many people assume that a flat rate trading fee is enough to cover all their costs. But this isn’t strictly true. Going back to the 50 trades a year at $20 example, on a $50,000 portfolio, the fees equate to 2%. Were you to make 100 trades, that would jump up to 4%. 

And that’s just talking about commission on buy and sell trades. It doesn’t take into account other brokerage expenses, like account fees or inactivity fees, for example. Nor does it account for other potentially significant factors, like currency gains and losses.

We’re going to walk you through trading fees — from the basic principles and current market prices in Australia and beyond, to a few specialist examples of trading fees in action. We’re especially going to focus on understanding how these necessary (for the most part) expenses impact long term portfolio performance — which is your actual, ‘real money’ returns as opposed to the nominal gains you might be used to seeing in your brokerage account. 

Plus, we’ll show you how Navexa — the portfolio tracking & reporting platform hosting this blog — helps you automatically calculate your portfolio’s true performance net of trading fees and other factors that impact on returns. 

index funds

Back to Basics: What Is A Trading Fee?

Strictly speaking, trading fees are themselves just one type of brokerage fee.

A brokerage fee describes the various fees you’ll pay to buy and sell stocks through a trading platform or stock broker.

These break down into trading and non-trading fees. The former means charges you’ll need to pay associated with a given trade. That could mean broker commission, margin rate (for borrowed capital) or a currency conversion if you’re trading, for example, US stocks through an Australian portal.

The latter refers to other costs associated with your investment account, for example account opening fees, inactivity fees and so forth.

Trading fees will be calculated either as a percentage of an order’s total value, or as a flat fee (often applying to a range of values, like $20K-$50K, for example).

Generally speaking, the more complicated your investment strategy, and the more different types of assets you invest in, the higher your brokerage fees may become.

Mutual funds, options, futures and other more complex asset classes will probably carry unique fees and fee structures, too.

A mutual fund is often judged in part by its expense ratio. This is the percentage of assets (money) the mutual fund consumes in expenses. You can think of your own portfolio’s investment costs in similar terms — by considering your expense ratio, just as you would a mutual fund.

OK, so given that fees exist and can’t be avoided if you’re investing in the markets, let’s look at how they affect an investment portfolio.

Types of Brokerage Fees

  • Trading fees: Costs associated with making a trade.
  • Non-Trading fees: Costs associated with the administration of having a trading account.

The Impact Of Fees On Long Term Portfolio Performance

Take, for example, a 10-year investment strategy.

The investor creates a portfolio with 50 different stocks, ETFs and mutual fund holdings in it.

Each trade, on average, costs $20 — that’s buying and selling.

That’s $1,000 worth of fees in the first year, provided they don’t sell anything.

Every year, the investor adds to existing positions, sells out of underperforming ones, and enters new positions as they shift their capital around trying to optimize the portfolio. But let’s assume the total number of holdings remains at 50.

Let’s say they make a further 50 trades a year — another $1,000 in fees. Over the 10 year period in this example, that’s $10,000. And when it’s time to sell out and collect the cash they’ve (hopefully) earned as their portfolio’s total value has appreciated over that time… that’s another $1,000 for all the sell trades on the 50 holdings at the end of the period.

The impact of fees? $11,000.

If the portfolio had started with $50,000, and we assume a 100% total return over the 10 years (that’s a 7.18% annualized return), the investor has, on paper, doubled their money. Hooray! Right? Not quite.

We haven’t factored the $11,000 in fees into the equation yet.

The portfolio started with $50,000. Ten years later, it was worth $100,000 — a $50,000 ‘gain’ if you don’t look beneath the surface numbers. Minus the $11,000 in fees, that $50,000 ‘gain’ comes down to $39,000.

So that 100% gain comes down to 78%, and the 7.18% annualized return across the decade comes down to 5.94%.

If these numbers are confusing, bear with me. Here’s a couple more that show the impact of trading fees on this theoretical portfolio’s long-term return (remember, nominal ‘gains’ aren’t a real measure of performance).

  • The trading fees in this case dragged the dollar return of the portfolio down 22%.
  • The fees account for a 22% loss in total percentage gain across the life of the portfolio.
  • The portfolio’s annualized performance suffered 17.2% thanks to the fees.

This, in a nutshell is why you need to care about trading fees in the context of assessing your portfolio performance. While it might be more comfortable to write them off as a necessary expense, you risk giving yourself an inflated and unrealistic idea of your true portfolio performance.

In the example above, we’re only talking about a $100,000 portfolio value and $11,000 in fees. For multi-million-dollar portfolios — especially those comprising large numbers of trades and complex investments which may carry higher fees — the impact could be far more significant.

So let’s look at common ways investors try to minimize their trading fees impacting their portfolio performance.

Impact of Fees of Hypothetical Portfolio

  1. 100% ‘nominal’ gain actually a 78% real return
  2. Annualized return drops from 7.18% to 5.94%
  3. 22% total impact across portfolio’s 10 year timespan 
  4. 17.2% impact on annualized performance
management fees

A Couple Of Strategies To Reduce The Effects Of Trading Fees

Given the fact that brokerage fees can eat into your returns and performance, it follows that to maximize your performance, you should aim to minimize fees.

How do you do this?

Firstly, avoid the most costly mistake of all; being ignorant not just to the necessary existence of trading fees, but of their undeniable (if easy to ignore) impact on your portfolio.

Rather than turning a blind eye to trading fees and focusing only on your nominal gains, it’s far better to arm yourself with knowledge. This is the first step of any fee-minimization strategy.

Secondly, there’s a general rule you can apply to your investing strategy:

Generally speaking, more trades = more fees.

Morningstar reports that investors pay about three times as much in fees when they invest in an actively managed fund as opposed to an ETF.

‘Actively managed’ here means that the fund managers execute plenty of trades in their pursuit of optimal performance for the fund. And guess what? These plenty of trades generate plenty of fees, which get passed on to the fund’s investors.

The same applies to self-directed investing. I have a friend who’s invested in cryptocurrencies. Over about the past five years, she’s traded in and out of different crypto assets as she’s hunted for mythically massive returns, not paying any attention to how much each trade was stinging her in fees.

She’s like an actively managed fund, always making moves as she chases gains, not thinking about her expense ratio!

I convinced her to load her trades into Navexa and we saw very quickly that had she just parked all her money in Bitcoin from the beginning, not only would her capital gains be more impressive (turns out plenty of those sh… smaller crypto assets didn’t go to the moon, crazy right?), but her fees would have been drastically lower.

If you go back to the example I made earlier in this post, 50 trades a year at $20 a pop is of course going to cost you more than doing half that.

Those are two general tactics for minimizing trading fees. There are plenty of others.

Another benefit of being aware of fees and how they’ll impact a portfolio is that you might be better informed when choosing who to trade with in the first place.

With the explosion of low or no-commission trading platforms in recent years, you’re more spoilt for choice when it comes to choosing a broker that’s not going to eat too much of your performance in fees.

While a $10,000 trade costs $29.95 with ANZ, the same trade could cost you a third of that with some of the newer, more competitively-priced platforms.

Knowing the different brokers’ fee structures inside out is a smart way to assess which will suit you best, since you can extrapolate your trading history to get an idea of exactly what the impact of a given broker’s fees might be.

Takeaways

  • Build your knowledge of fees and fee structures rather than ignore them
  • Consider the extent to which your stock or fund investing could be more passive and potentially generate fewer fees
  • Look at fee structures and your unique investing behaviours when comparing & choosing a broker

What Is A Round Turn Trade And Why It’s Important To Understand Before You Make Trades In Your Account

You might have heard of the term ‘round turn trade’ or ‘round trip trade’.

This is a central idea you should grasp before charging into an investment strategy.

It refers to an investment’s total lifecycle. As we mentioned above, paying the trading fee when you buy a stock is only half the story. You’ll pay again when you sell, too.

The phrase is most commonly used in futures trading, but it applies to regular investing, too.

Say you buy $2000 worth of shares and your trading fee is $20. You sell them at $2500 a year later, incurring another trading fee. Your ‘round trip’ investing in this stock has cost you $40 in fees.

The $500 capital gain is really a net $460 gain — 8% lower net of fees.

Of course, if you’re investing and trading in Australia, your round trip doesn’t end with selling out of a position.

In this example, you’ve earned a capital gain, so you’ll (probably) need to pay tax on that, too.

Taxation isn’t a trading fee per se, but in the context of thinking about your portfolio’s round turn or round trip, it’s important to remember all the factors that will impact your returns.

How To Calculate Your Own Personal Cost Per Trade

Another useful way to incorporate your understanding — end expectation — of fees into your investing is by factoring fees into your trading costs.

Keeping with the previous example, you’ve bought $2,000 worth of shares (call it 500 shares at $4 each). But the cost of buying those shares is really $2020 when you include the fee. When you sell out of the position, you get $2460 back, net of fees.

So while in your trading account it may look like you put $2,000 in and got $2,500 back, those are really just nominal figures that reflect the value of your position at the beginning and end of the trade.

Your real money, round trip start and finish numbers are different.

Not by much, in this example, but still statistically significant — especially when you apply this method across large, long-term portfolios with hundreds or thousands of trades, and other trading and non-trading fees associated with managed funds, margin trading and other potentially costly investment types.

Why Do Some Brokers Have Lower Commissions Than Others, And How Does That Affect Your Investment Returns?

Some call it the ‘Robin Hood effect’, others the ‘race to zero’. However you characterize it, competition in the low or no-fees brokerage space has become hotter than ever.

What began with newer, online-only brokers trying to break into the market and compete with the huge, established players has now embroiled pretty much the whole stock broking space in fierce price wars.

RobinHood, SelfWealth, STAKE and myriad other players in the market have forced the established brokers to compete on price and/or justify their costs with new and more sophisticated product offerings.

Check out our CommSec review to learn more about Australia’s largest broker and the fees it charges.

This ‘race to zero’ is part of a much bigger trend. According to a paper from Columbia Business School, quoted here:

The huge change for [trading costs] really came about in 1975 in what people now refer to as May Day. That’s when the regulators abolished fixed-rate commissions.

‘Before May Day, it cost the same amount per share to trade 10 shares as it did to trade 10,000 shares. The brokers would make out like bandits, taking their 2% or so from each trade. I’ve seen estimates that show trading costs have fallen around 80-90% since 1975.’

In other words, it’s never been as cost-effective to invest in the markets as it is today. The rise of online-only trading platforms, micro-investing and the broader mobilization of a new generation of investors means you can now minimize the impact fees have on your portfolio performance more than ever.

Especially if you approach your investing with the correct knowledge and strategy.

Resources to Learn More About Trading Fees

Navexa portfolio tracker

Navexa Helps You Track Your True Portfolio Performance Net Of Fees

Hopefully, you’re one of those who wants to track your portfolio’s true performance, net of fees, so that you can understand what your real returns are as opposed to the nominal ‘gains’ others might settle for.

If that’s you, we have good news. We’ve created the Navexa Portfolio Tracker to show you your true, annualized portfolio performance net of fees, dividend income, and currency gains & losses.

Whether you’re a relatively passive investor happy to let a managed fund grow your wealth for you (despite potentially higher fees), or you’re taking care of your own research and investing decisions on a stock-by-stock basis, you’ll see your portfolio as it really is in our easy-to-use platform.

You can track, analyze and compare every stock and ETF across the ASX, NYSE and NASDAQ across multiple portfolios.

Plus, you can drill down into the data to more clearly see the trends that matter — which stocks are performing the best (and worst), which holdings are earning the most (and least) income for you, and lots more.

You can test Navexa’s true portfolio performance tracking tools and reports for 14 days free.

Start your trial here!

Categories
Financial Technology Investing

Fidelity Review 2022: Pros, Cons and How to Trade

Fidelity is one of the largest trading platforms in the world. This Fidelity review looks at the company’s history, the types of investments it supports, different account types, trading fees, pros & cons, and more.

Welcome to our updated 2022 Fidelity review. Fidelity Investments is one of the outright largest asset managers in the world. Their extensive trading platform not only delivers much in the way of investment opportunities and research with zero commission, but also offers you a couple of powerful benefits which you might not find on other trading platforms.

Established just after World War II in Boston, Fidelity today manages about $5 trillion dollars worth of assets plus another nearly $8 trillion in customer accounts.

The firm was the first big American finance company to advertise mutual funds to everyday investors. The renowned fund manager, Peter Lynch, was their Magellan fund manager between for more than a decade and averaged a 29% average annual return — an outstanding performance which remains one of the best in the history of mutual funds.

Fidelity is a huge, multi-faceted organisation which operates not only the brokerage firm and trading platform we’re reviewing here, but also a retirement planning business, a proprietary investing business and other interests alongside its mutual funds operations. They are a giant of modern American personal finance.

Today though, we’re focusing our Fidelity review on the online investing platform. We’re going to dive into what you can expect as a Fidelity customer, the history of the company, the main reasons people invest on this platform, how to open an account and the various account types available.

Our Fidelity review also looks at the top three pros and cons of trading using Fidelity, explains their trading fees model, and explains why trading using Fidelity or any other online broker might not — despite the wealth of third party research and data on display — give you a complete picture of your portfolio performance.

Fidelity review
Fidelity is one of the original U.S. brokers.

What is Fidelity And What Does It Offer Its Customers 

Fidelity is many things. While we’re just looking at the group’s trading platform and brokerage account in this Fidelity review, it’s important to note that Fidelity is a multinational financial services corporation with many different interests.

Fidelity operates:

  • A brokerage firm
  • Several mutual funds
  • An investment advisory service
  • Retirement planning services
  • Index funds
  • A wealth management business
  • Life insurance
  • Securities execution and clearance
  • Custodial services

Fidelity has also been one of the first major brokers to move into cryptocurrency investing.

On the brokerage front, Fidelity supports nearly 30 million brokerage accounts and approximately 600,000 trades a day. This includes the Active Trader Pro platform.

Its trading clients hold about $8 trillion in their Fidelity accounts.

And with the range and quality of the tools and features with a Fidelity trading account, you’ll soon see why they’re one of the biggest in the world.

Before we get into opening an account with Fidelity or looking at the pros and cons, let’s explain some of the company’s history so you can see how it became what it is today.

The History of Fidelity

Fidelity’s history goes back nearly a century, when a lawyer and businessman named Edward Crosby Johnson II applied for his ‘Fidelity Fund’ approved by the Massachusetts Securities Director.

The Fidelity Fund was the only fund to gain approval in the state during the Great Depression. This fund became Fidelity Investments. Johnson later founded Fidelity Management & Research in 1946, right after World War II.

From there, Fidelity continued to expand and break new ground in the investment landscape.

In the 1960s, they became the first big finance company to make mutual funds investing available to everyday people. Up until then, mutual funds had only been advertised to high income, wealthy people. Fidelity sent direct mail and went door to door to bring a huge new group of investors into the market.

At the end of the 60s, Fidelity started serving customers outside the U.S. with the newly formed Fidelity International Limited. In 1982, they began offering 401(k) products. In 1984, they were one of the first to offer computerized trading.

More recently, Fidelity has continued to pioneer new areas for its business and clients. In 2018, they set up Fidelity Digital Assets so cater to institutional crypto asset custodial services and trading. In March 2021, Fidelity again made a bold move by filing for a Bitcoin ETF with the SEC.

Why Do People Invest With Fidelity? 

When you consider that Fidelity has somewhere in the region of 30 million individual clients — about 10% of the U.S. population — you’d have to say there are a lot of reasons why people choose to invest and trade with them.

Fidelity has a huge range of products and solutions for investors and traders of nearly every size and experience level. They offer mutual funds, stocks and ETFs, options and more. Their trading platform comprises stock screening and research tools, portfolio advisory and wealth management services, and the separate Active Trader Pro — a completely customizable desktop application aimed at active day traders. They also offer the Fidelity mobile app.

Beyond that, Fidelity offers a robo advisor service. And outside of its platforms, also offers extensive mutual funds and retirement planning services.

So across its massive customer base, there are loads of different reasons why people sign up with Fidelity. In the U.S., these customers can visit 140 physical branches, which for some is an important benefit they can’t get at newer, digital-only brokerages and trading platforms.

One particular attraction, for some, is that Fidelity allows customers to elect to manage part of their portfolio, while they allow a professional manager handle the rest. This hybrid management approach offers more flexibility than other players in the market.

Of course, another major reason to trade with Fidelity is their trading fees.

Like many other major North American trading platforms, Fidelity has moved to a low, or no, transaction fee structure. For some of its offerings, the group claims to offer the lowest fees in the industry.

Many stock and ETF trades incur no transaction fee. There’s also no account service fees, late settlement fees or account minimum. Also, unlike other platforms, such as TD Ameritrade, Fidelity sweeps any unused cash in your account into a cash management account with FDIC insurance. This account charges no fees and pays interest.

How To Open An Account With Fidelity 

Opening a trading account with Fidelity is pretty straightforward, as you’d expect of any major online trading platform these days.

While they let you open an account the old fashioned way, by printing and mailing a form, you can of course create an account online.

First, you’ll need to select your account type. We’ll explain those below.

Once you’ve done this, it’s a case of standard investment service KYC (know your customer). So have your social security number, residential details and details about your employment handy.

stock and ETF
Opening a Fidelity account is relatively easy.

From there, you just need to complete a few fields with your personal information, and choose your investing and trading preferences.

Fidelity begins tailoring your experience during the registration process by asking you to make selections around your goals and interests — the articles, videos and third party research they’ll direct you to in your account will reflect your choices here, so be sure to take your time with this step.

Then, you can review the information you’ve entered, check everything is correct, go through the terms and conditions — which are all pretty standard for the industry, and which you’ll need to spend a long time on if you want to read them to the letter (full T’s & C’s here).

Once you’ve done all this, you’re good to go. All up, applying online should only take about 20 minutes. If you go old school and lodge your application by mail, you’ll need to wait a few days, possibly longer.

Additionally, if you want to register for international trading once you’ve created your account, you can expect to spend about another five minutes getting your account verified.

Once you’re up and running with your account, you can use the mobile app to trade and receive alerts while away from your desktop.

What Are The Different Investment Accounts Fidelity Offers?

As we’ve mentioned already, Fidelity is huge. As a pioneering brokerage with nearly 100 years of history, today they have a huge number of products and services on offer for a wide range of customers.

The same goes for the types of accounts you can open with them. As you’ll see, whatever your goals or life stage, chances are Fidelity has an account type for you.

Fidelity’s investment account types fall into seven categories. They are:

  • Investing and trading
  • Saving for retirement
  • Managed accounts
  • Saving for education/medical expenses
  • Charitable giving
  • Estate planning
  • Annuities
  • Life insurance

Within investing and trading, you have:

Brokerage accounts: Standard trading and brokerage.

Cash management accounts: Fidelity’s FDIC-insured cash accounts carry no transaction fee and pay a small amount of interest on your balance.

Brokerage and cash management accounts: A hybrid that combines the previous two.

Business accounts: A business level account for trading and holding cash.

Fidelity’s saving for retirement account category comprises no fewer than eight different types of account, including simple, traditional and rollover IRA, 401(k) for individuals and businesses, and more.

If you register for a managed account, Fidelity’s professional advisors and robo-advisors will handle your investment portfolio for you, in line with parameters and preferences you set as the account owner.

The education and medical expenses savings accounts include 529 accounts, custodial accounts for investing on behalf of children, health savings and an account designed to help disabled customers and their families plan and save for disability-related expenses.

Other account types include Fidelity Charitable, which lets you claim tax deductions for supporting charity, Trust and Estate accounts in which you can manage trading for these entities, life insurance coverage accounts and a selection of annuity accounts, ranging from retirement saving to immediate and deferred income accounts.

All up, Fidelity offers pretty much every kind of investing account you could imagine ever needing, from trading online virtually right away to planning years and decades into the future using insurance and income services. And don’t forget their more advanced trading offering, Active Trader Pro.

Now, let’s talk fees.

Fidelity trade and account fees are pretty reasonable.

Fidelity Trading & Account Fees: Generally Very Low, But With A Couple Of Exceptions

Like so many large brokers in this ever more competitive digital age, Fidelity has in recent years adopted a low/no fee/commission model. Mostly, anyway.

Across Fidelity’s huge range of platforms and account types, they’ve essentially set up their fee structure to offer little to no barrier to entry for those wanting to get started trading stocks.

While US stock and ETF trades are commission free, you will pay to trade international shares on the Fidelity platform.

On the mutual funds front, Fidelity offers nearly 4,000 ‘free’ mutual funds, which you can trade without paying fees or commissions. On the other hand, many of the mutual funds you can trade with them do incur a fee — up to $75 in some cases. You should also note that despite offering so many free funds (including, of course, Fidelity’s own), you may be charged a sale fee of $49.95 if you sell your shares in that fund within 60 days of buying them.

If you’re trading with leverage, or margin, it means you’re borrowing cash from your broker in order to (hopefully) multiply your potential gains.

If you’re borrowing to invest with Fidelity, you can expect to pay a relatively high interest rate on margin lending — 8.3% for a balance less than $25,000.

The more you borrow, the better that rate gets. If you borrowed more than a million dollars for a trade, for instance, you’d pay 4% interest on that balance.

Of course, with any trading account, there’s potentially a whole host of other fees you’ll need to be aware of. These are called non-trading fees. This is where Fidelity is quite generous.

You’ll pay nothing to open your account, deposit or withdraw money. And they won’t charge you a penalty fee for leaving your account inactive for any period of time, either. There are currency conversion fees if you choose to trade international stocks through the platform, however.

Here’s an in-depth, detailed breakdown of all Fidelity’s fees.

Fidelity packs a massive amount of value into its trading platform.

Fidelity Pros: Huge Variety, Low Fees, Quality Research

There’s a lot to like about a Fidelity account. While we’ve outlined the different types of account you can sign up for above, we’re just going to look at the individual investment account here as we cover a few pros and cons.

Pro #1: Access to a huge selection of stock and ETF investments, mutual funds and more

With a Fidelity account, there’s not much you can’t invest in. Across US-listed stocks, you can buy and sell free from fees and commissions. The same goes for almost 4,000 mutual funds — and, of course, Fidelity’s own mutual funds. You could, if you were happy to stick just to these investments, create a considerably diverse portfolio in your account via these fee- and commission-free investments alone.

Then, of course, there’s the rest; International stocks (Fidelity gives you access to more than 20 markets all up), bonds, options and their other mutual funds and ETFs not covered by their fee-free structure.

Pro #2: Low fees and commissions across much of the range + zero non-trading fees

As we just mentioned, it’s possible to trade on Fidelity and pay zero fees of commissions if you stick to certain products and markets. Not only that, but you won’t pay a cent for opening, closing or leaving your account unfunded or inactive. There’s no account minimum balance. Plus, cash not invested is automatically placed into a FDIC-insured account where it will accrue interest — not a huge amount, but a trading platform that pays anything on your cash account is still a win, especially if you’re holding large amounts of cash for a long period.

Pro #3: A wealth of top-quality research and education resources

Whether you’re working towards making your first ever investment, or you’ve been in the markets for decades already and are well into your investing journey, Fidelity, like its competitor TD Ameritrade, packs a mind-boggling amount of educational and research resources into your account.

If you’re looking for tools to help you analyze stocks and markets, you’ll be pleased to know Fidelity provides:

Stock, Options & Fixed Income Screeners: In your account, you’ll find a host of screening tools for stocks, funds, options, bonds and more. You can use these screeners to filter through the wide range of investments available and narrow down those you want to look closely at. One of these screeners, the Mutual Fund Evaluator, allows you to examine funds’ characteristics and compare them against each other:

funds Fidelity
Fidelity’s stock and fund research tools offer in-depth analysis of potential investments.

40 Tools & Calculators: Budgeting, strategizing, predicting the impact of a certain trade on your overall portfolio performance and balance… the list of tools and calculators available in your Fidelity account goes on, with about 40 available all up.

Research & News: There’s more research and analysis packed into a Fidelity account than you could probably ever hope to digest. They host stock and market research from about 20 top-tier sources, including Thomson Reuters. You can even sort your news sources based on your holdings and stocks you’re watching in your account.

Your account also lets you examine charts using technical patterns, historical and intraday pricing data. Active Trader Pro takes this a step further with more advanced real-time trading data. And, as with most major platforms, Fidelity offers an extensive and quality mobile app experience, too.

Takeaways:
  1. Free to trade US stocks and nearly 4,000 mutual funds
  2. You can earn interest on cash accounts
  3. Packed with research tools

Fidelity Cons: Higher Fees For Certain Services, No Futures, Options

While Fidelity offers a large amount of value across a wide range of products and platforms, there are, of course areas where some customers may find the service lacking.

For the everyday investor — someone looking to research and trade stocks and build up a long-term investment portfolio — Fidelity should deliver more than enough to help you on your way.

But if you’re a more advanced investor or trader who wants access to more complex investment products, you might find you need to look elsewhere for the technology that suits your needs.

Con #1: High Fees In Some Areas May Negate Low Ones Elsewhere

While we consider Fidelity generally a low-fee trading platform, there’s a couple of areas in which they’re not so competitive and, depending on your requirements, this may impact the extent to which the platform could be good value for you.

If you’re wanting to trade beyond Fidelity’s free mutual funds, for example, you’ll pay nearly $50 a trade. Margin interest is also relatively high, if you’re looking to borrow for trading. You’ll need to pay more than $10,000 to borrow $150,000 — which, if your leveraged trade didn’t turn out to be profitable, would negate all the low or no-fee parts of your Fidelity account.

Con #2: No Support For Commodities & Futures Options

Fidelity’s Active Trader Pro provides a powerful service for advanced traders to access the markets with real-time data and an interface they can customize to suit them. However, despite offering this trader-centric part of their service, Fidelity does not currently allow you to use it for trading either commodities or futures options — two investment vehicles commonly used by day traders.

Con #3: Need To Use Different Platforms For Research & Trading

This isn’t strictly a con, given that between the Fidelity trading platform and Active Trader Pro, you can access both large amounts of fundamental data and third-party market and investment research, and an advanced interface through which to make more complex trades.

But, these two sides to the Fidelity platform aren’t integrated. You need to use two different parts of the service to conduct research and carry out trades (this doesn’t apply if you’re happy just using the main platform for stock, ETF and mutual funds investing).

Takeaways:
  1. Some parts of the platform aren’t free/competitively priced
  2. You can’t trade commodities or futures options
  3. Active Trader Pro doesn’t provide fundamentals research
active trader pro
Fidelity’s Active Trader Pro.

Fidelity Customer Support: Comprehensive & Multi-Level

As you’d expect from a massive, long-established broker like this, Fidelity’s customer support is regarded as pretty good.

Depending on your account type, you can reach them through 24/7 live chat, the customer support hotline (800-343-3548). For the best results, try reaching them between 8am and 10pm Eastern Time, and Saturdays from 9am to 4pm.

More recently, Fidelity has upped its social media presence, which you might find useful in resolving any support requirements, too. You can check out their subreddit, YouTube channel, Twitter account and Facebook page.

Verdict: One Of The Most Powerful Brokers For U.S. Customers Of Nearly Every Experience Level

Fidelity Investments regularly tops various publications’ ‘Broker of the Year’ lists. And while there are a few potential downsides to using the platform in some cases (see above), overall this is an investment research and trading platform that delivers quality and value in spades.

Investopedia rates Fidelity 4.5 out of 5 stars, saying they ‘continued to enhance key pieces of its platform while also committing to lowering the cost of investing for investors’.

Brokerchooser awards them a 4.7 stars — ‘it offers plenty of high-quality research tools, including trading ideas, detailed fundamental data and charting. The web trading platform is easy to use, and offers advanced order types’.

Nerdwallet and Stockbrokers award a full 5 stars out of 5 stars, with the latter commenting: ‘Fidelity is a value-driven online broker offering $0 trades, industry-leading research, excellent trading tools, an easy-to-use mobile app, and comprehensive retirement services.’

You can see then — from our review and from the consensus of these leading sites — that Fidelity is a formidable platform with the history, technology, product range, fees structure and research to make it a brilliant solution for investors and traders of different levels.

They wouldn’t have nearly 10% of the US population as customers were they not a proven, reliable and top-quality broker and trading platform.

Before we wrap up this Fidelity review, though, we should mention that, if you are already, or are looking to become, a Fidelity customer, you should consider adding another piece of financial technology to your investing toolkit.

The Navexa portfolio tracker
The Navexa portfolio tracker automatically tracks stocks and crypto performance in a single account.

Don’t Cut Corners On Your Portfolio Tracking

One area in which many brokers — even a best-in-class brokerage account like Fidelity — often lack is in their portfolio tracking and analytics capabilities.

While you can load your Fidelity accounts into FullView (Fidelity’s analytics module) to see your asset allocation and portfolio performance, Investopedia reports that it ‘can be slow to load and a little difficult to customize’.

Here at Navexa, we know that correctly tracking portfolio performance is vital to building and understanding your long-term, true investment returns.

See how true performance differs from the numbers you might be seeing in your brokerage account.

Three Things You Should Know About Your Portfolio Performance

Here are three vital things you need to know in order to fully understand the value and performance of a given investment, and your wider portfolio.

1.   How much time have you invested to generate a return? Consider that a 100% gain in a year is far more desirable than a 100% gain in five years.

2.   How much income have you earned from dividend payments? One stock our founder owns has paid him back 40% of his investment in dividends. This substantially affects how you should view an investment’s performance.

3.   How much have you spent in fees? If you’ve been investing for 20 years, making, say 25 trades a year at $20 a trade, that’s $10,000. However much you spend on fees in the course of your trading, you need to factor that in to fully understand your portfolio performance.

Navexa portfolio tracker
Bring all your trading data into one place with the Navexa portfolio tracker.

How Tracking Your Portfolio With Navexa Complements Your Trading Platform Experience

Our portfolio tracking platform allows you to see not only your portfolio’s true performance after fees, income, currency gains/losses and annualization, but to drill down deep into all the factors affecting your portfolio and its holdings.

You can run a portfolio contributions report to identify which holdings are contributing the most (and least) to your portfolio performance.

You can run an upcoming dividends report to see which income you have scheduled coming from your investments (thanks to official data from the NYSE, NASDAQ and ASX).

You can view your portfolio performance across any date range you prefer, and factor in closed positions (or not) as you wish.

Try Navexa free for 14 days and see for yourself your portfolio’s true performance.

How Fidelity Customers Can Use Navexa To Optimize Their Investment Journey

Our platform is what we like to call ‘broker agnostic’. That means whether you’re trading stocks, ETFs and mutual funds, crypto or pretty much anything else, you can track it all together in Navexa.

Navexa is one of the few tools that allows investors to bring all their trading platform data into a unified analytics and tracking account where they can see their combined investment performance net of trading fees and currency gain.

I’ve personally experienced the power of tracking dividend income on a stock which made me a 100% return in dividends alone, despite not generating any capital gain. So trust me, it pays to track this stuff properly!

Not only does this allow you to see your true overall performance, but it breaks down your performance by capital gains, investment income and different methods of calculation like simple returns and compound annual growth rate.

For Fidelity customers — or those trading with any major US brokerage account — it’s super easy to get started with Navexa’s automated portfolio performance tracking.

Simply upload your historical trade data using our handy portfolio file uploader tool to see your investment performance clearly and optimize your investment journey!

Categories
Financial Literacy Financial Technology Investing

How To Read Level 2 Market Data

Level 2, or level II, market data refers to real-time access to an additional layer of information about the market’s depth and momentum. If you’re a trader, or you’d simply like to learn more about level 2 market data, this post explains how it works, how to interpret it, and demonstrates level 2 market data in action.

Imagine knowing how many traders were placing orders in a stock before those orders were fulfilled. Imagine knowing the sizes of those orders, the speed at which buyers found sellers for them, and the prices of not only the highest and lowest buy or sell order, but the prices of 10 or more at any given time.

In other words, imagine having a lens through which you could see a stock’s liquidity, supply and demand in real time, before the rest of the market found out.

Welcome to the world of level 2 market data.

Level 2 market data is the realm of the trader. That’s because the information it provides gives the traders a clearer picture of a stock’s supply at demand and a variety of price levels.

This post is going to walk you through why this data exists, how to read the information on a level 2 quote screen and the reasons you might want to.

We’ll also show you a couple of examples of level 2 quote screens and share some tips on reading and interpreting them.

Plus, we’ll share some great resources where you can find out more, and introduce our powerful online tool we recommend using to track, analyze and report on your trades and portfolio, regardless of whether you’re a buy-and-hold investor or an active trader using level 2 data to research stocks.

Before we continue, an important note: This post is not intended to be financial or investment advice. It is general information only and we recommend that you do your own research and/or seek professional advice before risking your money on an investment — regardless of whether you use level 1 or level 2 data!

Now, let’s get into it.

What Is Level 2 Market Data?

To understand level 2, or level II market data, first let’s look at level 1.

The more basic of the two types, level 1 market data generally provides the following information;

  • Bid price: The highest price a buyer is willing to pay.
  • Bid size: The amount traders are looking to buy at the bid price.
  • Ask price: The lowest price a seller will sell for.
  • Ask size: The amount traders are looking to sell at the ask price.
  • Last price: The price of the most recent trade.
  • Last size: The amount of shares that most recent trade was for.

This level 1 data provides plenty of intel for most traders — particularly those using trading strategies based on price action — to make decisions around what, and when, they’re going to buy or sell.

You can think of level II market data as an expanded version of level I.

With level 1, the bid price and ask price information refers only to the highest and lowest prices, respectively. But with level II market data, you’ll see multiple high bid prices — five, 10 or more, depending on the exchange you’ve bought the data feed from.

It’s the information on the bid and ask prices that sets this data apart.

Similarly, you’ll see multiple bid and ask sizes related to those prices.

In other words, level 1 shows you only the extremes of a stock’s trading behaviour — the upper and lower levels at which traders are buying and selling, plus the quantities.

Level II gives traders a clearer picture of what’s going on with a stock because they can see a larger chunk of the trading action — more trade prices and sizes, and more importantly, more information on the difference between what’s happening at the upper and lower prices of current trading activity.

Sometimes you’ll hear level II market data referred to as ‘the order book’. That’s because you won’t just see orders that have been filled already, but also orders that have been places and are yet to be filled.

This is another layer of insight in that you can watch how long a given order takes to be filled. In other words, how long the market takes to pounce on a buy or sell order at a given price.

  • TL;DR: Level 2 market data shows you more of the buying and selling action than the more commonly used level 1 data — including orders that haven’t yet been filled.

How To Read The Information On A Level 2 Quote Screen

So now you know what sort of information level 2 market data shows. What about how you’re supposed to interpret that information in your stock analysis and trading?

There are four key insights you can gain through the information in a level 2 quote.

They are: Market depth, liquidity, timing and bid-offer spread.

Market depth expresses the measure of supply and demand for the stock. By checking the quantity of the open buy and sell orders, you can get an idea of how ‘deep’ the market for this particular stock might be.

Liquidity is closely related to market depth. It’s the measure of total buys and sells and, crucially, how fast those orders are fulfilled and replaced by fresh ones.

The level 2 market data can help traders looking to time their buying and selling by revealing a stock’s market depth and liquidity. If you can see there’s plenty of buyers and sellers placing and fulfilling orders at a fast pace, you can decide when might be the best time to make your own trade.

The bid-offer spread is the difference between the price you can sell the stock and the price you can buy it (the bid and ask prices).

The difference between these prices (and remember, in level 2 market data, can see more than just the highest and lowest prices) is known as the spread. Generally speaking, the smaller a stock’s spread, the more liquid you’d consider it.

  • TL;DR: Level 2 quotes show you a stock’s depth, liquidity and bid-offer spread.

Why Do I Need To Know How To Read Level II Market Data?

Strictly speaking, you don’t need to know how to read level II market data to trade stocks. As we mentioned, this type of data is an additional layer on top of the level 1 market data most everyday traders have access to on their trading platforms.

It’s not essential to have access, or to know how to interpret it in order to invest and trade.

But if you’re an active or advanced trader, using a trading strategy that hinges on intra-day data — or that requires leverage (borrowing money) — you may find that the additional information in level 2 market data benefits you.

This is particularly true if you find additional data on bid and ask prices useful, or if you want to get an idea of who the market makers are for a stock (more on market makers below).

If, for example, you’re trading with a few thousand dollars as a hobby, you might not benefit from seeing level 2 quotes for stocks you’re interested in.

But, if you’re looking to deploy, say, $500,000 into the market with the objective of making quick profits from small price movements, then level 2 market data might help you get an edge in your trading.

  • TL;DR: If you’re trading frequently and/or with leverage, having access to this additional layer of information about a stock’s price action may be valuable.  

Example Of Reading A Level II Quote Screens

Here’s an example of a level 2 market data quote screen:

Level 2 market data

At first glance, this might look like a confusing collection of raw numbers.

Let’s break it down. The top section shows you an array of information about the stock this quote is for — easyJet.

You can see the ticker symbol, the latest closing price, and a selection of current information like the last price shares changed hands for.

In the top section you can also see ‘buy depth’ and ‘sell depth’. These numbers refer to the liquidity on both the demand and supply side of the current trading.

Below that, you can see two tables containing the latest buy and sell orders. These tables are mirrored, so the outside column of each shows you the time of the order, the middle column shows the quantity and the inside column the price of the order.

Tips For Using Level 2 Quotes 

Using level 2 market data in your trading means you get access to a wealth of additional, real-time information about the market for a particular stock. You’ll be able to make more accurate judgments of liquidity and order sizes on both the buy and sell side.

But, one thing to be aware of with this type of data is that things aren’t always what they seem.

Key to this is the types of market participants you’ll see in a level II quote.

There are three types of market participants you might see in a level 2 quote. They are the market maker (the market maker is the one who dominates the price action, doing the most buying and selling), electronic communication networks or ECNs (the order placement systems through which people place their trades), and wholesalers (some online brokers and platforms sell their orders to a wholesaler who executes orders for them).

Market makers will sometimes hide their order sizes so as not to tip off the market about their appetite for a stock. Rather than placing one large order, market makers might place several small ones — or trade through an ECN so that you can’t see who’s behind the order.

Resources For Learning More About Level 2 Quotes

The world of level 2 data is more complex than the more widely used market data and stock analysis you might be used to.

To learn more about how the information in a level 2 quote might be indicative of future price action, here’s a few resources worth checking out:

Analyzing a stock using level 2 data could give you insights into liquidity, bid and ask prices, and spread, which may be indicative of trend changes.

If you’re going to go so far as to subscribe to level 2 data, there’s something else you should make sure of, too.

Whether you’re using level 2 quotes to analyze stocks you’re considering trading, or you’d prefer to buy undervalued companies and hold them ‘forever’ like the great Warren Buffet, you must ensure you correctly track your investment portfolio performance.

Also Check Out: How To Use The Zig Zag Indicator To Read Charts

Understanding a stock’s trend is a vital part of trading, and a key focus for technical analysis.

The zig zag indicator is a basic technical analysis tool you can use to determine whether a stock is trending up or down.

This indicator is one of the more simple tools used in technical analysis — the discipline of analyzing charts to make predictions on future price movements.

Discover the zig zag indicator formula is and the basics of how to calculate and use it in your investment analysis.

How The Navexa Portfolio Tracker Helps You Track, Analyze & Understand the Stocks, ETFs and Cryptos In Your Portfolio

Here at Navexa, we’re in the business of creating tools to help self-directed investors better understand their investment portfolio.

Regardless of whether you’re a long-term, buy-and-hold investor who prefers ETFs to stock picking, or you’re an active trader using a specific system to chase profits on a weekly or daily basis, Navexa’s portfolio tracker is designed to track your true performance.

When we invest and trade, we often just focus on stock prices and returns.

But the fact is that there’s many more factors that impact how much money we actually make, or lose.

This is why we’re created a platform that accounts not just for annualization (your average annual return over the whole time you’ve held an investment), but also for trading fees and income (two commonly overlooked but very important factors we sometimes leave out when we analyze our portfolio performance).

Trading and investing properly requires that you properly track and understand the impact of your trades and investments over the long term, in real money terms.

That’s why you need to portfolio tracker that calculates your true performance for your portfolio and the holdings in it.

True performance is different from the simple ‘gain’ you’ll see in your trading account.

It accounts for how long you’ve held a position, trading fees, currency gain and dividend income.

The portfolio tracker we run here at Navexa does all this (plus, you can generate a variety of reports, from diversification to portfolio contributions, and many more).

You can track ASX, NYSE and NASDAQ-listed stocks and ETFs, plus cryptocurrencies using official exchange data.

Try Navexa free today and see for yourself what your portfolio’s true performance really is.

Categories
Financial Technology Investing

Our TD Ameritrade Review: How To Get Started, Pros & Cons, And More

Our TD Ameritrade review covers key pros and cons of trading with one of North America’s most powerful platforms, how to open an account, transaction fees, how to use the variety of research and education tools on offer, and more.

Welcome to our TD Ameritrade review. This (rather long) article dives deep into the TD Ameritrade platform to give you a clear picture of the service’s extensive history and details on:

  • The TD Ameritrade platform, service and offerings
  • How to open your own TD Ameritrade account
  • Pros and cons of using TD Ameritrade
  • How to decide whether TD Ameritrade might suit your investment needs
  • And more!

As one of the largest online brokerage platforms on the planet in its own right, TD Ameritrade was acquired in October 2020 by Charles Schwab.

This huge merger with Charles Schwab will probably take several years to complete. So, for now, we’re reviewing TD Ameritrade as a standalone platform.

If you’re investing in stocks, mutual funds, options or even Bitcoin futures contracts, TD Ameritrade has a variety of services you might find useful.

The best way to describe the trading platform is as a full-service investment services provider.

Whether you’re just starting out as an investor, or you’ve been in the markets a long time, or even if you’re running an investment fund or managing client’s portfolios, TD Ameritrade is a powerful, far-reaching trading platform that offers products and tools that will likely support you in your investing mission.

The service isn’t just focused on facilitating trading and investing. Like CommSec, TD Ameritrade has invested heavily into the education and guidance side of its service. Chatbots, seminars, articles, slideshows and other educational content and tools are packed into the platform to enable investors of all levels to learn and improve. 

TD Ameritrade even offers a virtual trading simulator so you can practice trading with a notional $100,000.

We’ll come back to these features later in our review. Plus, we’ll walk you through opening an account, using the platform, potential pros and cons of using TD Ameritrade and more.

Also, we’ll show you how using this powerful portfolio tracker alongside your TD Ameritrade (or other) trading account can enhance and enrich your understanding of your investment portfolio’s true performance.

What Is TD Ameritrade And What Do They Offer

TD Ameritrade traces its history back to 1975, when four partners opened First Omaha Securities, Inc. in Nebraska.

In 1983, that became Ameritrade Clearing, Inc. Five years later, they introduced the first telephone trade order system. In 1995, they became the first to offer electronic trading.

From there, the group acquired multiple businesses to become a digital-focused trading service. The ‘TD’ in their name comes from their 2006 merger with Toronto-Dominion Bank’s US brokerage business, TD Waterhouse.

TD Ameritrade’s tech focus continued. They are the first company to advertise on the Bitcoin blockchain. As of October, 2020, they’ve been acquired by another huge North American brokerage, Charles Schwab Corporation. Whether the Charles Schwab merger changes much about the platform remains to be seen.

TD Ameritrade offers its electronic trading platform for customers to trade stocks (common and preferred), futures, ETFs, cryptocurrency, foreign exchange, options, mutual funds, fixed income investments and even carry out margin lending.

The company has more than $1.3 trillion on its platform across about 11.5 million accounts.

On average, it supports nearly 900,000 transactions every day and generates approximately $6 billion a year.

The platform offers a large range of services and access to a many different types of investments.

There’s the TD Ameritrade platform itself and the sophisticated active trading service they acquired in 2009, thinkorswim.

Both these sides to the platform are available on web and mobile.

TD Ameritrade offers a large variety of account types.

TD Ameritrade Account Types
  • Standard accounts
  • Retirement accounts
  • Education accounts
  • Specialty accounts for trusts, partnerships and more
  • Managed portfolios
  • Margin trading

Depending on your account type, you’ll have access to a wide range of investments across the web and mobile platforms.

While you can’t directly trade cryptocurrencies (only Bitcoin futures), you can trade pretty much everything else.

What You Can Trade on TD Ameritrade

  • Stocks (long and short selling, plus over-the-counter penny stocks)
  • Mutual funds (nearly 2,000 of them)
  • Bonds (corporate, municipal, treasury, contracts for difference, plus international fixed income and even junk bonds)
  • Options
  • Futures
  • Foreign exchange
  •  Unit investment trusts

Also central to the TD Ameritrade offering is that, unlike some other ‘traditional’ brokers, they’ve recently moved to a low or no-fees model. In 2019 they reduced most of their online trade commissions to zero — meaning you can trade many assets and instruments on the platform for a low fee and pay nothing on your returns.

This brings TD Ameritrade in line with the growing low fees movement driving newer investment platforms into the market.

It also means you can access one of North America’s most powerful investment platforms more cost-effectively than ever before.

So, you’re interested in signing up? Here’s how it works. 

How To Open An Account With TD Ameritrade

Opening a TD Ameritrade account is about as simple as you’d expect with any major North American broker.

You can expect the standard know-your-customer protocol.

To create an account, you’ll need either you Social Security number or your Individual Taxpayer Identification Number.

Plus, you also need to provide your employers’ name and address.

The whole process should take a few minutes.

First, you’ll need to select your account type.

ameritrade review

The signup wizard provides questions and prompts through the process to ensure you register the right account type for you.

Once you’ve confirmed this, you’ll need to enter your personal information.

Then you’ll need to spend a little time reviewing the technical information and terms of your account. This stage includes selecting how you wish TD Ameritrade to treat your cash account — it can go into either a FDIC-insured deposit account or a SIPC-protected TD Ameritrade account.

You’ll also need to review some IRS-related questions here.

Once you’re satisfied — and they’re satisfied — with your information and selections, you’ll need to create your secure login details for your account.

Once you’ve set your password and user ID, TD Ameritrade activates your account and you’re good to go. From here you can fund your account and start trading. You’ll see your official TD Ameritrade account number once you’ve completed the process.

There’s no minimum amount you need to fund your account with to begin. Though if you’re looking to trade options or do margin trading, they require you to fund your account with at least $2,000.

Pros And Cons Of Using TD Ameritrade 

The TD Ameritrade offers an extensive platform that is powerful and — aside from a 2007 hack, in which customers’ details were compromised and circulated on the dark web for several years — largely secure.

TD Ameritrade offers a range of security products, procedures and an asset protection guarantee to protect you from your trading account or personal information being compromised.

As such large trading platform, there are plenty of pros and cons to be debated.

We’ll look at three of each.

TD Ameritrade Pros

Huge array of trading tools and investment options: From the website and mobile versions of both the TD Ameritrade trading platform and its sister active trading platform, thinkorswim, to the number of different things you can invest your money into (from stocks to options and even junk bonds, plus the huge range of mutual funds), the platform gives you a high level of access to the markets. Plus, you have the TD Ameritrade mobile app, and other associated mobile tools.

First-class research and education resources: TD Ameritrade offers you plenty of knowledge in the form of reports, presentations and even an portfolio simulator so that you can progress from beginner to novice, or novice to advanced.

Low fees, high standards: Being one of the more established ‘traditional’ brokers in North America hasn’t stopped TD Ameritrade offering progressive pricing. While you might expect zero fees and commissions from smaller, newer trading platforms like Robinhood, you’ll be pleased to know that TD Ameritrade offers no fees to open an account or trade stocks. They also offer all ETF trades and more than 4,000 mutual fund trades with zero commission.

TD Ameritrade Cons

Information overload: The flipside of TD Ameritrade’s platform being so vast and powerful is that it makes it less than simple for beginner investors or those new to the platform to navigate. With such an array of investments, account types, and a fully customizable trading dashboard packed with information, the chances of overwhelm are high. This may deter you if you’re just looking for a simple platform on which to buy a couple of ETFs.

Occasional outages: The platform had a couple of outages in late 2020, reportedly due to heavy trading volume. This issue apparently prevented users from logging in and/or making trades. This isn’t strictly a con, since even the most robust platforms can suffer occasional outages, but it’s something to be aware of.

No fractional shares, penny stock commissions: If you want to invest in Amazon, but you only want to invest $1,000, you won’t be able to do so on TD Ameritrade. While competitors like Fidelity do cater for fractional share investing, at this stage, Ameritrade does not. Another thing you’ll find is that while many of the platform’s available investments give you zero-fee and zero-commission access, over-the-counter penny stocks do incur a $6.95 commission. And since fees can be a significant factor in your true portfolio performance, it’s important to know this if you’re looking for a trading platform that allows you access to the small and micro-cap end of the stock market.

The Best Way To Use TD Ameritrade For Your Needs 

There’s so many different investment vehicles, account types and tools packed into the TD Ameritrade platform that we’d be here all day if we listed every way you could use it for your needs.

Let’s look the basics of making a trade.

Making a trade

Once you’ve set up your account and moved some funds into it for trading, you’re ready to get started.

You can see from the screenshot below how much information is on the trading account homepage alone.

ameritrade review

To make a new trade, hit the ‘Trade’ button along the top navigation bar.

This will bring up a new screen in which you can select between stocks and ETFs, options and more.

From here it’s a pretty self-explanatory process, similar to most other trading platforms.

Here’s an example of the options trading screen.

ameritrade review

In this example, you look up the ticker symbol and set the various fields to your preference for the trade. Then, click review order. You can also opt to save the trade details for later, which is useful if you want to go away to do some further research before locking it in.

Also near the bottom of the screen you’ll find the SnapTicket. This is TD Ameritrade’s tool for getting quotes and actioning trades. You can open a SnapTicket and it will display no matter where on the platform you navigate.

Using TD Ameritrade for Research

As well as being a powerful tool for buying and selling a multitude of investments, the platform gives you an equally impressive range of research tools and resources.

TD Ameritrade’s stock screeners are completely customizable. If you don’t want to customize, you can choose from nearly 100 preset options. You can also access screening tools for ETFs, options, mutual funds and fixed income.

Plus, through both the TD Ameritrade portal and the sister thinkorswim trading platform, you can access a huge amount of calculators, news, charting tools, trading ideas and third-party research from some of the most respected firms in the world.

ameritrade review

While there may be a risk of information overload thanks to the sheer volume of data and tools at your disposal, if you know what you’re looking for and you know which information will suit your research best, chances are you’ll find it in the TD Ameritrade platform.

Using TD Ameritrade For Analyzing And Tracking Your Portfolio

If you’re familiar with the importance of asset allocation, you’ll know that buying and selling investments is just a part of a much bigger picture.

Being able to zoom back from stock-by-stock analysis and performance, and focus on your overall, long-term portfolio performance is key to a solid investment strategy.

The platform’s Portfolio Planner tool shows you your asset allocation and allows you to compare that to a target allocation for a theoretical portfolio.

If you have a particular pre-defined asset allocation or portfolio management strategy you’re seeking to follow, you’ll be able to add this into your Portfolio Planner and get specific recommendations on which stocks may be a good fit.

This is a valuable tool — one that goes beyond just facilitating trades and allows you to pair your research and investing with a broader, longer-term strategy.

There’s so much packed into TD Ameritrade and thinkorswim (which deserves its own independent review) that we can’t cover everything here.

Your needs for a trading platform will be unique to your individual goals and risk tolerance. But based on the scale and depth of TD Ameritrade’s platform, its likely you’ll be able to find the right combination of assets, research and tools to fit your investing strategy.

Should You Consider Opening An Account With TD Ameritrade?

According to StockBrokers.com, TD Ameritrade is not only the best overall stock broker in U.S., they also rank first for active trading, tools and platforms, and education.

The platform itself makes the bold claim that by joining, you’ll grow smarter with every trade you make. And going by the amount of account types, investing options, and tools for research and education, you’d have to say that TD Ameritrade is in a strong position to make that claim — provided, of course, you understand how to use these tools and interpret the data and analysis these resources generate.

According to this TD Ameritrade customer:

If I started from scratch and had to find a new broker today, these would be the key requirements I’d look for:

  • No Minimum Deposit Requirement
  • Low Transaction Costs
  • Commission Free ETFs
  • Great Research Tools
  • Easy to Use Trading Platform
  • Great Customer Support
  • Easy Tax Reporting’

TD Ameritrade, of course, boasts all these. As the customer points out, the quality and depth of the research tools especially would justify paying more in trading fees and commissions than you might with a competitor platform.

But since 2010, TD Ameritrade has — unlike some of the other big, established trading platforms in the North American market — been aggressively generous in its offer of low or no fees and commissions. This is particularly true of their extensive ETF offering.

So on this basis alone, you should consider signing up with the platform since there’s enough tools and resources to support you whether you’re a beginner investor looking to learn about the markets, an advanced trader who’s seasoned at using stocks, bonds, options and leverage, or pretty much anything in between.

But as we’ve touched on in this TD Ameritrade review, the platform and the organisation behind it has either pioneered — or acquired — so many different services for the modern investor that no review is going to be able to cover everything.

But one thing worth mentioning here is TD Ameritrade’s customer support.

According to the customer we quoted before:

‘Help is easy to come by with phone, email, online chat, in person at a local branch, and the easy to use Ask Ted feature… the educational tools available, and the little help center buttons in all the right places… will walk you through the basics.

On top of that, I get a couple of phone calls every year from the local TD Ameritrade branch. They just check in, see if I have any questions, concerns, and how they can help.’

In other words, if you have any issues with any aspect of your TD Ameritrade account, there’s multiple ways you can access support and assistance.

Of course, only you can decide whether signing up is right for your specific requirements.

But, in short, you should consider signing up to TD Ameritrade if:

  • You want access to a huge variety of investment vehicles, from regular stocks through to options and margin lending.
  • You value in-depth research and educational resources to help improve your financial literacy and skill as an investor.
  • You want the support of trading with one of the biggest (and soon, thanks to the Charles Schwab acquisition, the biggest) trading platforms in North America.
  • You want to minimize the impact of trading fees and broker commissions on your investment portfolio.

How To Get Started Trading Stocks, ETFs, Mutual Funds, Options, Bonds Or Futures Through TD Ameritrade’s Online Brokerage Services

Whatever level of experience you’re at right now — be it embarking on your investing journey or looking to start making more complex trades with futures and options — TD Ameritrade has gone to great lengths to provide to resources to get you started.

If you’ve never traded a single stock before, this is a good place to start. This is TD Ameritrade’s introduction to the world of stock investing.

Here, you’ll find the basics. From the definition of a stock, introductions to common approaches to investing in stocks, a short glossary covering five key terms you should be familiar with before getting into the market (read a more extensive glossary and explanation of stock trading strategies), to a quick guide on setting up an account, this page is a good place to get started — especially if you already know you want to sign up to TD Ameritrade.

Like we’ve said, though, there’s a massive amount of resources on the platform to support investors of every level in building their financial literacy and understanding of the markets.

If you sign up, you’ll have access to TD Ameritrade’s Immersive Curriculum. This is a free online course that curates a series of courses based on your experience level and account setup choices.

Some of the courses available:

  • Simple Steps for a Retirement Portfolio
  • Stocks: Fundamental Analysis
  • Income Investing
  • Stocks: Technical Analysis
  • Trading Options
  • Options for Volatility
  • Weekly Options
  • Fundamentals of Futures Trading

This curriculum means that even if you’re not ready to start trading stocks, or options, or futures, or even to start analyzing potential investments using a particular methodology, you can still get great value from the TD Ameritrade platform.

While other brokers and trading platforms might make empty promises about supporting their customers and furthering their knowledge, the same can’t be said about TD Ameritrade. Their resources and support for investors of all levels is extensive and impressive — particular the way the above courses can be tailored to your particular requirements.

A TD Ameritrade account gives you access to three separate (but connected) platforms. There’s the main web platform for the trading account, the associated TD Ameritrade mobile trading platform, and the elite, active-trader level platform, thinkorswim, which you can see below.

ameritrade review

Thinkorswim comes with a downloadable desktop application, a web platform and a mobile app. So really you can access up to five different platforms between TD Ameritrade and thinkorswim.

Another cool feature is that the trading platform app has been optimised for the Apple Watch, meaning you can moniter watchlists, stock quotes and market data from your wrist.

ameritrade review

Based on TD Ameritrade’s large list of investment offerings — stocks and ETFS, mutual funds, bonds, options and more (most with low or no fees and zero commission to trade) — and its extensive research and education resources, this platform will probably be a good place to start your investment journey. 

In our opinion, any trading platform that invests this much in helping its customers strengthen and deepen their knowledge of investing is worth exploring.

Paired with the scope and power of a platform as expansive as TD Ameritrade, that quality becomes even more beneficial.

Trading With TD Ameritrade? Make Sure You Track Your True Portfolio Performance

This TD Ameritrade review has, we hope, shown you that it’s a platform that can offer investors of traders of nearly every level a powerful suite of tools and resources.

We especially like the asset allocation module, with its model portfolio options and associated investment recommendations.

One area in which TD Ameritrade lacks a little is in its true performance portfolio tracking capability.

You can, of course, easily see how your investments are performing.

This is what your portfolio looks like in their platform:

ameritrade review

In this example, you can see each holding’s dollar value and percentage return. You can also see the relative weighting of each in your portfolio on the coloured pie chart.

For such a sophisticated trading platform, this is a very basic level of portfolio insight.

Let us explain.

The rise of self-directed and so-called ‘democratizated’ investing — in which TD Amertrade is playing a part by offering such valuable trading tools and investment education resources with such a low barrier to entry — has more people entering the market and trying to build wealth.

But what many investors are forgetting — or or just plain aren’t aware of — is that there’s a difference between a portfolio’s gains and its true performance.

Your trading account often only shows you how much money you’ve put into your portfolio, and how much you’ve gained or lost. You can see in the screen above that there’s no data or metrics reflecting how long those holdings have been in the portfolio.

Consider this. If you had to choose from two investments which would both gain 100%, but one took half the time to do so than the other, which would you choose?

That’s a no brainer. Because when you annualize those returns, the one that took half as long to reach that gain has actually performed twice as well.

This is the problem with the nominal gains and returns you’ll see in a trading account like TD Ameritrade. 

They’re only a part of the full financial picture you need to see.

The reality is that time, income, trading fees and other factors play a significant role in determining your real returns and true portfolio performance. This is true for even the smallest, shortest term investment. And it’s especially true for long-term strategies.

Three Things You Should Know About Your Portfolio Performance

Here are three vital things you need to know in order to fully understand the value and performance of a given investment, and your wider portfolio.

1.   How much time have you invested to generate a return? Consider that a 100% gain in a year is far more desirable than a 100% gain in five years.

2.   How much income have you earned from dividend payments? One stock our founder owns has paid him back 40% of his investment in dividends. This substantially affects how you should view an investment’s performance.

3.   How much have you spent in fees? If you’ve been investing for 20 years, making, say 25 trades a year at $20 a trade, that’s $10,000. However much you spend on fees in the course of your trading, you need to factor that in to fully understand your portfolio performance.

If you’re thinking of joining TD Ameritrade, we strongly recommend you sign up with a dedicated portfolio tracking platform like Navexa, too.

Navexa portfolio tracker

We believe that in the most connected and data-rich era of financial history, there’s no excuse for not knowing the exact details of every dollar going into and out of your portfolio.

The truth is that there’s are many more things impacting your portfolio than just whether or not the investments in it have gone up or down this week or month.

This is why we developed Navexa. It’s a portfolio tracker that accounts for every factor impacting your investments — time, income, fees and more.

If you’re using a TD Ameritrade account, use a Navexa account to dive even deeper into your portfolio performance data and analyze holdings across the NYSE and NASDAQ.

You can generate a variety of reports, including upcoming dividends (great for forecasting what income your portfolio is scheduled to generate), portfolio diversification, portfolio contributions, and more.

Open a Navexa account (free).